Prof. Dr. habil.
Frank Emmanuel Zachos

curator, staff scientist
frank.zachos@nhm-wien.ac.at
Phone: +43 1 52177-550
Fax: +43 1 52177-234

EDUCATION AND TRAINING

1995-2002: Studies (biology, history of science and philosophy) at the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Germany, and the Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
1998: Internship at the Palaeontology Department of the Natural History Museum in London
2002: Diploma degree (equivalent to M.Sc.) in biology at the Friedrich-Schiller-Universität in Jena. Major: zoology; minors: palaeontology, genetics, history of science. Thesis title: „Population genetic studies on the distribution history of the European red deer (Cervus elaphus L.)“
2005: PhD degree in zoology at the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel. Thesis title: „Genetic and morphological analyses on developmental homeostasis in mammals: a case study on European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)“
2009: „Habilitation“ (official qualification to become a full professor) and venia legendi (official permission to independently teach at university level and supervise Bachelor, Master and PhD students) at the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel for zoology and evolutionary biology. Thesis title: „Genetic studies of animal populations with a particular focus on deer (Cervidae): implications for phylogeography and conservation“

EMPLOYMENT AND POSITIONS

2005-2011: Lecturer and assistant professor ("Privatdozent") at the Zoological Institute of the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
2010: Marie-Curie postdoc fellow at the Mammal Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Bialowieza, Poland, within the framework of the BIOresc programme (Transfer of Knowledge in Biodiversity Research and Conservation)
2010: Offer of a full professor position at the Department of Genetics of the University of the Free State in Bloemfontein, South Africa
Since 2011: Head of the Mammal Collection at the Natural History Museum Vienna in Vienna, Austria
Since 2019: Affiliated Full Professor at the Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

 

VISITING PROFESSORSHIPS AND VISITING FELLOWSHIPS

2013: visiting professor at the University of Lodz, Poland
2014: visiting professor at the University of Sassari, Italy
2020: visiting fellow at the Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research Klosterneuburg, Austria
 

 

PEER-REVIEWED JOURNALS

Pearman, P. B., Broennimann, O., Aavik, T., Albayrak, T., [...], Zachos, F. E., Guisan, A., Bruford, M. (2024):
Monitoring species genetic diversity in Europe varies greatly and overlooks potential climate change impacts. Nature Ecology & Evolution 8: 267-281.

Lien, A. M., Banki, O., Barik, S. K., Buckeridge, J. S., Christidis, L., Cigliano, M. M., Conix, S., Costello, M. J., Hobern, D., Kirk, P. M., Kroh, A., Montgomery, N., Nikolaeva, S., Orrell, T. M., Pyle, R. L., Raz, L., Thiele, K., Thomson, S. A., van Dijk, P. P., Wambiji, N., Whalen, A., Zachos, F. E., Zhang, Z.-Q., Garnett, S. T. (2023):
Widespread support for a global species list with a formal governance system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 120(45): e2306899120.

Nebel, C., Haring, E., Murgatroyd, M., Sumasgutner, S. C., Gombobaatar, S., Sumasgutner, P., Zachos, F. E. (2023):
Genetic analysis of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) from the Mongol-Altai: a hotspot of diversity and implications for global phylogeography. Journal of Raptor Research 57: 359-374.

Conix, S., Cuypers, V., Zachos, F. E., De Block, A. (2023):
Taxonomic disagreement about ranks in grey-area taxa: a vignette study. BioScience 73: 728-737.

Plaxton, L., Hempel, E., Marsh, W., Portela Miguez, R., Waurick, I., Kitchener, A. C., Hofreiter, M., Lister, A. M., Zachos, F. E., Brace, S. (2023):
Assessing the identity of rare historical museum specimens of the extinct blue antelope (Hippotragus leucophaeus) using an ancient DNA approach. Mammalian Biology 103: 549-560.

Conix, S., Cuypers, V., Zachos, F. E., Artois, T., Monnens, M. (2023):
A plea for preregistration in taxonomy. Megataxa 10: 1-14.

Heckeberg, N. S., Zachos, F. E., Kierdorf, U. (2023):
Antler tine homologies and cervid systematics - a review of past and present controversies with special emphasis on Elaphurus davidianus. The Anatomical Record 306: 5-28.

Mackiewicz, P., Matosiuk, M., Swislocka, M., Zachos, F. E., Hajji, G. M., Saveljev, A. P., Seryodkin, I. V., Farahvash, T., Rezaei, H. R., Torshizi, R. V., Mattioli, S., Ratkiewicz, M. (2022):
Phylogeny and evolution of the genus Cervus (Cervidae, Mammalia) as revealed by complete mitochondrial genomes. Scientific Reports 12: 16381.

Doan, K., Niedzialkowska, M., Stefaniak, K., Sykut, M., Jedrzejewska, B., Ratajczak-Skrzatek, U., Piotrowska, N., Ridush, B., Zachos, F. E., [...], Stankovic, A. (2022):
Phylogenetics and phylogeography of red deer mtDNA lineages during the last 50,000 years in Eurasia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194: 431-456.

Hobern, D., Barik, S. K., Christidis, L., Garnett, S. T., Kirk, P., Orrell, T. M., Pape, T., Pyle, R. L., Thiele, K. R., Zachos, F. E., Bánki, O. (2021):
Towards a global list of accepted species VI. The Catalogue of Life checklist. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 21: 677-690.

Pyle, R. L., Barik, S. K., Christidis, L., Conix, S., Costello, M. J., van Dijk, P. P., Garnett, S. T., Hobern, D., Kirk, P. M., Lien, A. M., Orrell, T. M., Remsen, D., Thomson, S. A., Wambiji, N., Zachos, F. E., Zhang, Z.-Q., Thiele, K. R. (2021):
Towards a global list of accepted species V. The devil is in the details. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 21: 657-675.

Lien, A. M., Conix, S., Zachos, F. E., Christidis, L., van Dijk, P. P., Bánki, O. S., Barik, S. K., Buckeridge, J. S., Costello, M. J., Hobern, D., Montgomery, N., Nikolaeva, S., Pyle, R. L., Thiele, K., Thomson, S. A., Zhang, Z.-Q., Garnett, S. T. (2021):
Towards a global list of accepted species IV. Overcoming fragmentation in the governance of taxonomix lists. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 21: 645-655.

Conix, S., Garnett, S. T., Thiele, K. R., Christidis, L., van Dijk, P. P., Bánki, O. S., Barik, S. K., Buckeridge, J. S., Costello, M. J., Hobern, D., Kirk, P. M., Lien, A., Nikolaeva, S., Pyle, R. L., Thomson, S. A., Zhang, Z.-Q., Zachos, F. E. (2021):
Towards a global list of accepted species III. Independence and stakeholder inclusion. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 21: 631-643.

Thomson, S. A., Thiele K., Conix, S., Christidis, L., Costello, M. J., Hobern, D., Nikolaeva, S., Pyle, R. L., van Dijk, P. P., Weaver, H., Zachos, F. E., Zhang, Z.-Q., Garnett, S. T. (2021):
Towards a global list of accepted species II. Consequences of inadequate taxonomic list governance. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 21: 623-630.

Thiele, K. R., Conix, S., Pyle, R. L., Barik, S. K., Christidis, L., Costello, M. J., van Dijk, P. P., Kirk, P., Lien, A., Thomson, S. A., Zachos, F. E., Zhang, Z.-Q., Garnett, S. T. (2021):
Towards a global list of accepted species I. Why taxonomists disagree, and why this matters. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 21: 615-622.

Hempel, E., Bibi, F., Faith, J. T., Brink. J. S., Kalthoff, D. C., Kamminga, P., Paijmans, J. L. A., Westbury, M. V., Hofreiter, M., Zachos, F. E. (2021):
Identifying the true number of specimens of the extinct blue antelope (Hippotragus leucophaeus). Scientific Reports 11: 2100.

Garnett, S. T., Christidis, L., Conix, S., Costello, M. J., Zachos, F. E., Bánki, O., Bao, Y., Barik, S. K., Buckeridge, J. S., Hobern, D., Lien, A., Montgomery, N., Nikolaeva, S., Pyle, R. L., Thomson, S. A., van Dijk, P. P., Whalen, A., Zhang, Z.-Q., Thiele, K. R. (2020):
Priniciples for creating a single authoritative list of the world's species. PLoS Biology 18(7): e3000736.

Edelhoff, H., Zachos, F. E., Fickel, J., Epps, C. W., Balkenhol, N. (2020):
Genetic analysis of red deer (Cervus elaphus) administrative management units in a human-dominated landscape. Conservation Genetics 21: 261-276.
 

Zachos, F. E., Christidis, L., Garnett, S. T. (2020):
Mammalian species and the twofold nature of taxonomy - A comment on Taylor et al. Mammalia 84: 1-5.

Nebel, C., Gamauf, A., Haring, E., Segelbacher, G., Väli, Ü., Villers, A., Zachos, F. E. (2019):
New insights into population structure of the European golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) revealed by microsatellite analysis. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 128: 611-631.

Holderegger, R., Balkenhol, N., Bolliger, J., Engler, J.O., Gugerli, F., Hochkirch, A., Nowak, C., Segelbacher, G., Widmer, A., Zachos, F. E. (2019):
Conservation genetics: linking science with practice. Molecular Ecology 28: 3848-3856.

Kunz, F., Gamauf, A., Zachos, F.E., Haring, E. (2019):
Mitochondrial phylogenetics of the goshawk Accipiter [gentilis] superspecies. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 57: 942-958.

Grunstra, N.D.S., Zachos, F.E., Herdina, A.N., Fischer, B., Pavlicev, M., Mitteroecker, P. (2019):
Humans as inverted bats: A comparative approach to the obstetric conundrum. American Journal of Human Biology 31: e23227.

Nebel, C., Kadletz, K., Gamauf, A., Haring, E., Sackl, P., Tiefenbach, M., Winkler, H., Zachos, F.E. (2019):
Witnessing extinction: Populations genetics of the last European Rollers (Coracias garrulus) in Austria and a first phylogeographic analysis of the species across its distribution range. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 57: 461-475.

Zachos, F.E. (2019):
Species delimitation in mammals: A response to Gippoliti. Mammalian Biology 94: 132-133.

Zachos, F.E. (2018):
Mammals and meaningful taxonomic units (MTUs): the debate about species concepts and conservation. Mammal Review 48: 153-159.

Zachos, F.E. (2018):
(New) Species concepts, species delimitation and the inherent limitations of taxonomy. Journal of Genetics 97: 811-815.

Kusza, S., Suchentrunk, F., Pucher, H., U Mar, K., Zachos, F.E. (2018):
High levels of mitochondrial genetic diversity in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) from Myanmar. Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy 29: 152-154.

Frantz, A.C., Zachos, F.E., Bertouille, S., Eloy, M.-C., Colyn, M., Flamand, M.-C. (2017):
Using genetic tools to estimate the prevalence of non-native red deer (Cervus elaphus) in a Western European population. Ecology and Evolution 7: 7650-7660.

Doan, K., Zachos, F.E., Wilkens, B., Vigne, J.-D., Piotrowska, N., Stankovic, A., Jedrzejewska, B., Stefaniak, K., Niedzialkowska, M. (2017):
Phylogeography of the Tyrrhenian red deer (Cervus elaphus corsicanus) resolved using ancient DNA of radiocarbon-dated subfossils. Scientific Reports 7: 2331.

Schäffer, S., Zachos, F.E., Koblmüller, S. (2017):
Opening the treasure chest: A DNA-barcoding primer set for most higher taxa of Central European birds and mammals from museum collections. PLoS ONE 12(3): e0174449.

Husemann, M., Zachos, F. E., Paxton, R. J., Habel, J. C. (2016):
Effective population size in ecology and evolution. Heredity 117: 191-192.

Nemesházi, E., Kövér, S., Zachos, F. E., Horváth, Z., Tihanyi, G., Mórocz, A., Mikuska, T., Hám, I., Literák, I., Ponnikas, S., Mizera, T., Szabó, K. (2016):
Natural and anthropogenic influences on the population structure of white-tailed eagles in the Carpathian Basin and Central Europe. Journal of Avian Biology 47: 795-805.

Zachos, F. E., Frantz, A. C., Kuehn, R., Bertouille, S., Colyn, M., Niedzialkowska, M., Pérez-González, J., Skog, A., Sprem, N., Flamand, M.-C. (2016):
Genetic structure and effective population sizes in European red deer (Cervus elaphus) at a continental scale: insights from microsatellite DNA. Journal of Heredity 107: 318-326.

Zachos, F. E. (2016):
Tree thinking and species delimitation: Guidelines for taxonomy and phylogenetic terminology. Mammalian Biology 81: 185-188.

Zachos, F. E., Evans, K. (2015):
Integration of injured individuals into herds of African elephants (Loxodonta africana) - field observations from Kenya and Botswana. Pachyderm 56: 112-113.

Nebel, C., Gamauf, A., Haring, E., Segelbacher, G., Villers, A., Zachos, F. E. (2015):
Mitochondrial DNA analysis reveals Holarctic homogeneity and a distinct Mediterranean lineage in the Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 116: 328-340.

Habel, J. C., Zachos, F. E., Dapporto L., Rödder, D., Radespiel, U., Tellier, A., Schmitt, T. (2015):
Population genetics revisited - towards a multidisciplinary research field. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 115: 1-12.

Zachos, F. E. (2015):
Taxonomic inflation, the Phylogenetic Species Concept and lineages in the Tree of Life - a cautionary comment on species splitting. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 53: 180-184.

Honnen, A.-C., Roos, A., Stjernberg, T., Zachos, F. E. (2015):
Genetic analysis of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) reveals high admixture in Finland and pronounced differentiation in Sweden. Mammalian Biology 80:47-53.

Zachos, F. E. (2014):
Commentary on taxonomic inflation, species delimitation and classification in Ruminantia. Zitteliana B 32: 213-216.
 

Zachos, F. E., Mattioli, S., Ferretti, F., Lorenzini, R. (2014):

The unique Mesola red deer of Italy: taxonomic recognition (Cervus elaphus italicus nov. ssp.) would endorse conservation. Italian Journal of Zoology 81: 136-143.

 

Zachos, F. E. (2014):

Paraphyly - again!? A plea against the dissociation of taxonomy and phylogenetics. Zootaxa 3764 (5): 594-596.

 

Vilaca, S. T., Biosa, D., Zachos, F. E., Iacolina, L., Kirschning, J., Alves, P. C., Paule, L., Gortazar, C., Mamuris, Z., Jedrzejewska, B., Borowik, T., Sidorovich, V., Kusak, J., Costa, S., Schley, L., Hartl, G. B., Apollonio, M., Bertorelle, G., Scandura, M. (2014):

Mitochondrial phylogeography of the European wild boar: the effect of climate on genetic diversity and spatial lineage sorting across Europe. Journal of Biogeography 41: 987-998.

 

Habel, J. C., Husemann, M., Finger, A., Danley, P. D., Zachos, F. E.  (2014):

The relevance of time series in molecular ecology and conservation biology. Biological Reviews 89: 484-492.

 

Husemann, M., Schmitt, T., Zachos, F. E., Ulrich, W., Habel, J. C. (2014):

Palaearctic biogeography revisited: evidence for the existence of a North African refugium for Western Palaearctic biota. Journal of Biogeography 41: 81-94.

 

Zachos, F. E., Lovari, S. (2013):

Taxonomic inflation and the poverty of the Phylogenetic Species Concept - a reply to Gippoliti and Groves. Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy 24: 142-144.

 

Frantz, A., Zachos, F. E., Kirschning, J., Cellina, S., Bertouille, S., Mamuris, Z., Koutsogiannouli, E. A., Burke, T. (2013):

Genetic evidence for introgression between domestic pigs and wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Belgium and Luxembourg - a comparative approach with multiple marker systems. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 110: 104-115.

  

Zachos, F. E., Clutton-Brock, T. H., Festa-Bianchet, M., Lovari, S., Macdonald, D. W., Schaller, G. B. (2013):

Species splitting puts conservation at risk. Nature 494: 35.

 

Langguth, T., Honnen, A.-C., Hailer, F., Mizera, T., Skoric, S., Väli, Ü., Zachos, F. E. (2013):

Genetic structure and phylogeography of a European flagship species, the white-tailed sea eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla). Journal of Avian Biology 44: 263-271.

 

Yom-Tov, Y., Yom-Tov, S., Zachos, F. E. (2013):

Temporal and geographical variation in skull size in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and the Eurasian badger (Meles meles) in Austria. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 208: 579-585.

  

Habel, J. C., Zachos, F. E. (2013):

Past population history versus recent population decline - founder effects in island species and their genetic signatures. Journal of Biogeography 40: 206-207.

 

Zachos, F. E., Apollonio, M., Bärmann, E. V., Festa-Bianchet, M., Göhlich, U., Habel, J. C., Haring, E., Kruckenhauser, L., Lovari, S., McDevitt, A. D., Pertoldi, C., Rössner, G. E., Sánchez-Villagra, M. R., Scandura, M., Suchentrunk, F. (2013):

Species inflation and taxonomic artefacts - a critical comment on recent trends in mammalian classification. Mammalian Biology 78: 1-6.

 

Habel, J. C., Zachos, F. E. (2012):

Habitat fragmentation versus fragmented habitats. Biodiversity and Conservation 21: 2987-2990.

  

Grünwald-Schwark, V., Zachos, F. E., Honnen, A.-C., Borkenhagen, P., Krüger, F., Wagner, J., Drews, A., Krekemeyer, A., Schmüser, H., Fichtner, A., Behl, S., Schmölcke, U., Kirschnick-Schmidt, H., Sommer, R. S. (2012):

Der Fischotter Lutra lutra (L., 1758) in Schleswig-Holstein - Signatur einer rückwandernden, bedrohten Wirbeltierart und Konsequenzen für den Naturschutz. Natur und Landschaft 87: 201-207.

 

Carden, R.F., McDevitt, A. D., Zachos, F. E., Woodman, P. C., O’Toole, P., Rose, H., Monaghan, N. T., Campana, M. G., Bradley, D. G., Edwards, C. J. (2012):

Phylogeographic, ancient DNA, fossil and morphometric analyses reveal ancient and modern human introductions of a large mammal: the complex case of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Ireland. Quaternary Science Reviews 42: 74-84.

 

Schwab, P., Debes, P. V., Witt, T., Hartl, G. B., Hmwe, S. S., Zachos, F. E., Grobler, J. P. (2012):

Genetic structure of the common impala (Aepyceros melampus melampus) in South Africa: Implications for phylogeography and conservation. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 50: 76-84.

 

Habel, J. C., Husemann, M., Schmitt, T., Zachos, F. E., Honnen, A.-C., Petersen, B., Parmakelis, A., Stathi, I. (2012):

Microallopatry caused diversification in Buthus scorpions (Scorpiones: Buthidae) of the Atlas Mountains (NW Africa). PLoS ONE 7(2): e29403.

 

Osmers, B., Petersen, B.-S., Hartl, G. B., Grobler, J. P., Kotze, A., Van Aswegen, E., Zachos, F. E. (2012):

Genetic analysis of southern African gemsbok (Oryx gazella) reveals high variability, distinct lineages and strong divergence from the East African Oryx beisa. Mammalian Biology 77: 60-66.

 

Zachos, F. E. (2011):

Linnean ranks, temporal banding and time-clipping: why not slaughter the sacred cow? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 103: 732-734.

 

Hajji, G. M., Zachos, F. E. (2011):

Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses reveal pronounced genetic structuring in Tunisian wild boar Sus scrofa. European Journal of Wildlife Research 57: 449-456.

 

Zachos, F. E., Hartl, G. B. (2011):

Phylogeography, population genetics and conservation of the European red deer Cervus elaphus. Mammal Review 41: 138-150.

 

Zachos, F. E., Hackländer, K. (2011):

Genetics and conservation of large mammals in Europe - a themed issue of Mammal Review. Mammal Review 41: 85-86.

 

Honnen, A.-C., Petersen, B., Kassler, L., Elmeros, M., Roos, A., Sommer, R. S., Zachos, F. E. (2011):

Genetic structure of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra, Carnivora: Mustelidae) populations from the western Baltic sea region and its implications for the recolonisation of northwestern Germany. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 49: 169-175.

 

Niedziałkowska, M.,Jędrzejewska, B., Honnen, A.-C., Otto, T., Sidorovich, V. E., Perzanowski, K., Skog, A., Hartl, G. B., Borowik, T., Bunevich, A. N., Lang, J., Zachos, F. E. (2011):

Molecular biogeography of red deer Cervus elaphus from eastern Europe: insights from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Acta Theriologica 56: 1-12.

 

Valqui, J., Hartl, G. B., Zachos, F. E. (2010):

Non-invasive genetic analysis reveals high levels of mtDNA variability in the Endangered South-American marine otter (Lontra felina). Conservation Genetics 11: 2067-2072.

 

Zachos, F. E., Ben Slimen, H., Hackländer, K., Giacometti, M., Suchentrunk, F. (2010):

Population genetic and phylogeographic analysis reveals introgression and in-situ differentiation in Alpine mountain hares. Journal of Zoology 282: 47-53.

 

Habel, J. C., Schmitt, T., Meyer, M., Finger, A., Rödder, D., Assmann, T., Zachos, F. E. (2010):

Biogeography meets conservation: The genetic structure of the endangered lycaenid butterfly Lycaena helle (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 101: 155-168.

 

Honnen, A.-C., Kenntner, N., Hailer, F., Literák, I., Dubská, L., Zachos, F. E. (2010):

Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellites reveal high diversity and genetic structure in an avian top predator, the white-tailed sea eagle, in central Europe. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 99: 727-737.

 

Zachos, F. E., Karami, M., Ibenouazi, Z., Hartl, G. B., Eckert, I., Kirschning, J. (2010):

First genetic analysis of a free-living population of the threatened goitered gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa). Mammalian Biology 75: 277-282.

 

Sommer, R. S., Zachos, F. E. (2009):

Fossil evidence and phylogeography of temperate species: „glacial refugia“ vs. postglacial recolonization. Journal of Biogeography 36: 2013-2020.

 

Zachos, F. E., Hajji, G. M., Hmwe, S. S., Hartl, G. B., Lorenzini, R., Mattioli, S. (2009):

Population viability analysis and genetic diversity of the endangered red deer population from Mesola, Italy. Wildlife Biology 15: 175-186.

 

Habel, J. C., Zachos, F. E., Finger, A., Meyer, M., Louy, D., Assmann, T., Schmitt, T. (2009):

Unprecedented long-term genetic monomorphism in an endangered relict butterfly species. Revised version under review with Conservation Genetics 10: 1659-1665.

 

Zachos, F. E. (2009):

Gene trees and species trees - mutual influences and interdependences of population genetics and systematics. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 47: 209-218.

 

Finger, A., Schmitt, T., Zachos, F. E., Meyer, M., Assmann, T., Habel, J. C. (2009):

The genetic status of the Violet Copper Lycaena helle - a relict of the cold past in times of global warming. Ecography 32: 382-390. 

 

Skog, A., Zachos, F. E., Rueness, E. K., Feulner, P. G. D., Mysterud, A., Langvatn, R., Lorenzini, R., Hmwe, S. S., Lehoczky, I., Hartl, G. B., Stenseth, N. C., Jakobsen, K. S. (2009):

Phylogeography of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Europe. Journal of Biogeography 36: 66-77.

 

Sommer, R. S., Fahlke, J. M., Schmölcke, U., Benecke, N., Zachos, F. E.(2009):

Quaternary history of the European roe deer Capreolus capreolus. Mammal Review 39:1-16.

 

Zachos, F. E., Cirovic, D., Kirschning, J., Otto, M., Hartl, G. B., Petersen, B., Honnen, A.-C. (2009):

Genetic variability, differentiation and founder effect in golden jackals (Canis aureus) from Serbia as revealed by mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellite loci. Biochemical Genetics 47: 241-250.

 

Zachos, F. E., Otto, M., Unici, R., Lorenzini, R., Hartl, G. B. (2008):

Evidence of a phylogeographic break in the Romanian brown bear (Ursus arctos) population from the Carpathians. Mammalian Biology 73: 93-101.

 

Debes, P. V., Zachos, F. E., Hanel, R. (2008):

Mitochondrial phylogeography of the European sprat (Sprattus sprattus L., Clupeidae) reveals isolated climatically vulnerable populations in the Mediterranean Sea and range expansion in the northeast Atlantic. Molecular Ecology 17: 3873-3888.

  

Sommer, R. S., Zachos, F. E., Street, M., Jöris, O., Skog, A., Benecke, N. (2008):

Late Quaternary distribution dynamics and phylogeography of the red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Europe. Quaternary Science Reviews 27: 714-733.

 

Hajji, G. M., Charfi-Cheikrouha, F., Lorenzini, R., Vigne, J.-D., Hartl, G. B., Zachos, F. E. (2008):

Phylogeography and founder effect of the endangered Corsican red deer (Cervus elaphus corsicanus). Biodiversity and Conservation 17: 659-673.

 

Zachos, F. E. (2007):

Evolutionary biology and theory are essentially historical - a reply to W. J. Bock. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 45: 280-281.

 

Kirschning, J., Zachos, F. E., Cirovic, D., Radovic, I. T., Hmwe, S. S., Hartl, G. B. (2007):

Population genetic analysis of Serbian red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) by means of mitochondrial control region sequences. Biochemical Genetics 45: 409-420.

 

Zachos, F. E., Hartl, G. B., Suchentrunk, F. (2007):

Fluctuating asymmetry and genetic variability in the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus): a test of the developmental stability hypothesis in mammals using neutral molecular markers. Heredity 98: 392-400.

 

Hajji, G. M., Zachos, F. E., Charfi-Cheikrouha, F., Hartl, G. B. (2007):

Conservation genetics of the imperilled Barbary red deer in Tunisia. Animal Conservation 10: 229-235.

 

Zachos, F. E., Cirovic, D., Rottgardt, I., Seiffert, B., Oeking, S., Eckert, I., Hartl, G. B. (2007):

Geographically large-scale genetic monomorphism in a highly successful introduced species: the case of the muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) in Europe. Mammalian Biology 72: 123-126.

 

Zachos, F. E., Althoff, C., Steynitz, Y. v., Eckert, I., Hartl, G. B. (2007):

Genetic analysis of an isolated red deer (Cervus elaphus) population showing signs of inbreeding depression. European Journal of Wildlife Research 53: 61-67.

 

Zachos, F. E., Hartl, G. B. (2006):

Island populations, human introductions and the limitations of genetic analyses: the case of the Sardinian red deer (Cervus elaphus corsicanus). Human Evolution 21: 177-183.

 

Hmwe, S. S., Zachos, F. E., Sale, J. B., Rose, H. R., Hartl, G. B. (2006):

Genetic variability and differentiation in red deer (Cervus elaphus) from Scotland and England. Journal of Zoology 270: 479-487.

 

Zachos, F. E., Schmölcke, U. (2006):

Archaeozoological records and distribution history of the osprey (Pandion haliaetus) in Central Europe. Journal of Ornithology 147: 565-568.

 

Zachos, F. E., Hmwe, S. S., Hartl, G. B. (2006):

Biochemical and DNA markers yield strikingly different results regarding variability and differentiation of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus, Artiodactyla: Cervidae) populations from northern Germany. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 44: 167-174.

 

Hmwe, S. S., Zachos, F. E., Eckert, I., Lorenzini, R., Fico, R., Hartl, G. B. (2006):

Conservation genetics of the endangered red deer from Sardinia and Mesola with further remarks on the phylogeography of Cervus elaphus corsicanus. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 88: 691-701.

 

Zachos, F. E., Hossfeld, U. (2006):

Adolf Remane (1898-1976) and his views on systematics, homology and the Modern Synthesis. Theory in Biosciences 124: 335-348.

 

Zachos, F. .E., Otto, M., Hmwe, S. S., Hartl, G. B. (2006):

Populationsgenetische Untersuchungen zur Differenzierung des schleswig-holsteinischen Rehwildes (Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758, Artiodactyla: Cervidae). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge 55: 89-94.

 

Schmölcke, U., Zachos, F. E. (2005):

Holocene distribution and extinction of the moose (Alces alces, Cervidae) in Central Europe. Mammalian Biology 70: 329-344.

 

Nies, G., Zachos, F. E., Hartl, G. B. (2005):

The impact of female philopatry on population differentiation in the European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) as revealed by mitochondrial DNA and allozymes. Mammalian Biology 70: 130-134.

 

Hartl, G. B., Zachos, F. E., Nadlinger, K., Ratkiewicz, M., Klein, F., Lang, G. (2005):

Allozyme and mitochondrial DNA analysis of French red deer (Cervus elaphus) populations: genetic structure and its implications for management and conservation. Mammalian Biology 70: 24-34.

 

Feulner, P. G. D., Bielfeldt, W., Zachos, F. E., Bradvarovic, J., Eckert, I., Hartl, G. B. (2004):

Mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite analyses of the genetic status of the presumed subspecies Cervus elaphus montanus (Carpathian red deer). Heredity 93: 299-306.

 

Hartl, G. B., Zachos, F., Nadlinger, K. (2003):

Genetic diversity in European red deer (Cervus elaphus L.): anthropogenic influences on natural populations. Comptes Rendus Biologies 326: S37-S42.

 

Zachos, F., Hartl, G. B., Apollonio, M., Reutershan, T. (2003):

On the phylogeographic origin of the Corsican red deer (Cervus elaphus corsicanus): evidence from microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA. Mammalian Biology 68: 284-298.

 

  

BOOKS AND BOOK CHAPTERS


Sprem, N., Zachos, F. E. (2022):
Axis Deer Axis axis (Erxleben, 1777). In: Terrestrial Cetartiodactyla (eds. L. Corlatti, F. E. Zachos). Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Pp. 155-163.

Mattioli, S., Zachos, F. E., Rossi, L., Lister, A. M., Corlatti, L. (2022):
Red Deer Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758. In: Terrestrial Cetartiodactyla (eds. L. Corlatti, F. E. Zachos). Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Pp. 51-86.

Corlatti, L., Zachos, F. E. (2022):
Terrestrial Cetartiodactyla. Handbook of the Mammals of Europe (eds. K. Hackländer, F. E. Zachos). Springer Nature Switzerland AG. xvii + 527 pp.

Zachos, F. E. (2022):
Critique of Taxonomic Reason(ing): Nature's Joints in Light of an 'Honest' Species Concept and Kurt Hübner's Historistic Philosophy of Science. In: Species Problems and Beyond - Contemporary Issues in Philosophy and Practice (eds. J. S. Wilkins, F. E. Zachos, I. Ya. Pavlinov). Boca Raton, London, New York: CRC Press / Taylor & Francis. Pp. 315-340.

Conix, S., Garnett, S. T., Zachos, F. E., Christidis, L. (2022):
Taxonomic Order, Disorder, and Governance. In: Species Problems and Beyond - Contemporary Issues in Philosophy and Practice (eds. J. S. Wilkins, F. E. Zachos, I. Ya. Pavlinov). Boca Raton, London, New York: CRC Press / Taylor & Francis. Pp. 161-173.

Wilkins, J. S., Zachos, F. E., Pavlinov, I. Ya. (eds.) (2022):
Species Problems and Beyond - Contemporary Issues in Philosophy and Practice. Boca Raton, London, New York: CRC Press / Taylor & Francis. xviii + 364 pp.

Kunz, F., Zachos, F., Haring, E. (2020):
Greifvögel mit schwieriger Verwandtschaft - Eine phylogenetische Untersuchung der Superspezies Habicht, Accipiter [gentilis]. In: Greifvögel und Falknerei. Jahrbuch des Deutschen Falkenordens 2020. Melsungen: Verlag Neumann-Neudamm. Pp. 133-138.

Zachos, F. E. (2020):
Mammalian Phylogenetics: A Short Overview of Recent Advances. In: Mammals of Europe - Past, Present, and Future (eds. K. Hackländer, F. E. Zachos). Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Pp. 31-48.

Hackländer, K., Zachos, F. E. (2020):
The New Handbook of the Mammals of Europe: Background and Introduction. In: Mammals of Europe - Past, Present, and Future (eds. K. Hackländer, F. E. Zachos). Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Pp. 1-7.

Hackländer, K., Zachos, F. E. (eds.) (2020):
Mammals of Europe - Past, Present, and Future. Handbook of the Mammals of Europe (eds. K. Hackländer, F. E. Zachos). Springer Nature Switzerland AG. xii + 117 pp.

Hailer, F., Kutschera, V. E., Zachos, F. E. (2019):
A Summary of Brown Bear Genetic Studies: Phylogeny, Phylogeography and Evolutionary Relationships with Polar Bears. In: Of Bears and Men. Conclusions of the 1st International Bear Meeting IBEAR (eds. P. Schlup, S. T. Hertwig). Bern: Haupt Verlag. Pp. 10-29.

Zachos, F. E. (2018):
Species concepts and species delimitation in mammals. In: Mammalian Evolution, Diversity and Systematics (eds. F. E. Zachos, R. J. Asher). Berlin, Boston: de Gruyter. Pp. 1-16.

Zachos, F. E., Asher, R. J. (eds.) (2018):
Mammalian Evolution, Diversity and Systematics. Handbook of Zoology, Mammalia (ed. F. E. Zachos). Berlin, Boston: de Gruyter. xii + 381 pp.

Zachos, F. E. (2018):
Birds of prey - An introduction to their systematics, taxonomy and conservation. In: Raptor and human - falconry and bird symbolism throughout the millennia on a global scale (eds. K.-H. Gersmann, O. Grimm). Kiel, Hamburg: Wachholtz Verlag - Murmann Publishers. Vol. 1/1, pp. 223-232.

Zachos, F. E. (2016):
Species Concepts in Biology. Historical Development, Theoretical Foundations and Practical Relevance. Springer International Publishing Switzerland. xii + 220 pp.

Zachos, F. E. (2016):
Taxonomie und Artbestimmung: In: Naturschutzgenetik - Ein Handbuch für die Praxis (eds. R. Holderegger, G. Segelbacher). Bern: Haupt Verlag. Pp. 147-164.

Nebel, C., Gamauf, A., Haring, E., Segelbacher, G., Villers, A., Zachos, F. E. (2015):
Genetische Untersuchungen an Steinadlern - erste Ergebnisse und Aussicht. In: Greifvögel und Falknerei. Jahrbuch des Deutschen Falkenordens 2015. Melsungen: Verlag Neumann-Neudamm. Pp. 99-102.
 

Frey, R., Hendrichs, H., Zachos, F. E. (2015):

Cetartiodactyla. In: Spezielle Zoologie. Teil 2: Wirbel- oder Schädeltiere (eds. W. Westheide, G. Rieger). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. 3rd edition. Pp. 575-599.
 

McDevitt, A. D., Zachos, F. E. (2015):

Genetic analyses of natural and anthropogenic movements in deer. In: Deer and People: Past, Present and Future (eds.  K. Baker, R. Carden, R. Madgwick). Oxbow Books Ltd. Pp. 2-12.

 

Zachos, F. E., Spreitzer, K. (2014):

Fluctuating asymmetry and morphological approaches in ecology and evolutionary biology. In: Jewels in the mist - A synopsis of the endangered Violet Copper butterfly Lycaena helle (eds. J. C. Habel, M. Meyer, T. Schmitt). Sofia: Pensoft Publishers. Pp. 137-140.

 

Buchegger, C., Zachos, F. E. (2013):

Bedrohte ARTen - Säugetiere. Salzburg: Artbook Verlag.

 

Zachos, F. E., Mittermeier, R. A., Habel, J. C. (2011):

Biodiversity Hotspots - Concluding Remarks and Perspectives. In: Biodiversity Hotspots. Distribution and Protection of Conservation Priority Areas (eds. F. E. Zachos, J. C. Habel). Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer. Pp. 529-536.

 

Zachos, F. E., Habel, J. C. (eds.) (2011):

Biodiversity Hotspots. Distribution and Protection of Conservation Priority Areas. Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer. xviii + 546 pp.

 

Linnell, J. D. C., Zachos, F. E. (2011):

Status and distribution patterns of European ungulates: genetics, population history and conservation. In: Ungulate Management in Europe: Problems and Practices (eds. R. Putman, M. Apollonio, R. Andersen). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 12-53.

 

Frey, R., Hendrichs, H., Zachos, F. E. (2010):

Cetartiodactyla. In: Spezielle Zoologie. Teil 2: Wirbel- oder Schädeltiere (eds. W. Westheide, R. Rieger). Heidelberg, Berlin: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag. 2nd edition. Pp. 631-657.

 

Zachos, F. E., Hajji, G. M., Hmwe, S. S. (2010):

Conservation genetics and phylogeography of the threatened Corsican and Barbary red deer (Cervus elaphus corsicanus and C. e. barbarus). In: Relict Species: Phylogeography and Conservation Biology (eds. J. C. Habel, T. Assmann). Heidelberg, Berlin: Springer. Pp. 159-171.

 

Hossfeld, U., Zachos, F. E. (2009):

Namhafte Vertreter der Kieler Biowissenschaften im Nationalsozialismus. In: Wissenschaft an der Grenze. Die Universität Kiel im Nationalsozialismus (eds. C. Cornelissen, C. Mish). Essen: Klartext Verlag. Pp. 323-340.

 

Meissner, M., Reinecke, H., Zachos, F., Corsmann, M., Ritter, T., Wölfel, H. (2009):

Der Rothirsch in Schleswig-Holstein. Lebensraumsituation, Lebensraumverbund und Management. Ministerium für Landwirtschaft, Umwelt und ländliche Räume des Landes Schleswig-Holstein. 107 pp.

 

Zachos, F. E. (2006):

Taxonomy’s „categorical imperative“ revisited - The Linnaean hierarchy and its distorting consequences. In: Netzwerke (eds. M. Kaasch, J. Kaasch, V. Wissemann). Berlin: Verlag für Wissenschaft und Bildung. Pp. 263-271.

 

Hossfeld, U., Junker, T., Zachos, F., Rasran, L. (2003):

The zoologist Adolf Remane and his view on the synthetic theory of evolution. In: Evolutionary Biology: History and Theory. Vol. 2 (eds. E. I. Kolchinsky, I. Y. Popov). St. Petersburg: Russian Academy of Sciences. Pp. 200-217 (in Russian, with an English summary).

 

Zachos, F. (2002):

Karl Popper und die Biologie - Zur Falsifizierbarkeit der Evolutionshypothese und der Selektionstheorie. In: Die Entstehung biologischer Disziplinen II (eds. U. Hossfeld, T. Junker). Berlin: Verlag für Wissenschaft und Bildung. Pp. 171-194.

 

Zachos, F. (2002):

Karl Popper und die Evolutionsbiologie: Der Darwinismus als ein „metaphysisches Forschungsprogramm“. In: Russian-German Links in Biology and Medicine Issue III. Between Science and Ideology (eds. E. I. Kolchinsky). St. Petersburg: Russian Academy of Sciences. Pp. 238-244.

 

Zachos, F., Hossfeld, U. (2001):

Adolf Remane (1898-1976): Biographie und ausgewählte evolutionsbiologische Aspekte in seinem Werk. In: Darwinismus und/als Ideologie (eds. U. Hossfeld, R. Brömer). Berlin: Verlag für Wissenschaft und Bildung. Pp. 313-358.

  

 

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

 

Koblmüller, S., Zachos, F. E. (2015):
Biodiversität im Auge der Öffentlichkeit: DNA-Barcoding der heimischen Wirbeltierfauna - Probleme & Herausforderungen. Acta ZooBot Austria 152: 167-172.
 

Zachos, F. E., Suchentrunk, F. (2013):

Der Goldschakal. Neubürger mit Migrationshintergrund. Naturschutzbunt 2/2013: 12.

 

Schmölcke, U., Sommer, R., Zachos, F. (2010):

Wildpferde, Elche und Auerochsen in Schleswig-Holstein. Archäologische Nachrichten aus Schleswig-Holstein 2010: 12-14.

 

Zachos, F. E., Hajji, G. M. (2007):

Genetic variability and its implications for conservation in the endangered Corsican and Barbary red deer (Cervus elaphus corsicanus and C. e. barbarus). IUCN Deer Specialist Group Newsletter 22: 3-6.

 

Zachos, F. E. (2004):

Kritische Bemerkungen zur Artabgrenzung am Beispiel des Taxons Aquila (Accipitridae) oder: Wie viele Adlerarten gibt es? Ornithologische Mitteilungen 56: 166-172.

 

Zachos, F. E., Glubowski, M. (2003):

Das Vorkommen des Bartkauzes (Strix nebulosa) in Mitteleuropa und ein aktueller Nachweis aus dem Bialowieza-Urwald in Polen. Ornithologische Mitteilungen 55: 380-382.

 

 

Molecular and morphological approaches in microevolutionary studies on mammals and birds. My taxonomic focus is on ungulates, particularly cervids, and birds of prey. I am carrying out research in the fields of population genetics, molecular (mostly intraspecific) systematics and phylogeography, developmental homeostasis and fluctuating asymmetry as well as conservation genetics and the Quaternary distribution history of mammals and birds.
My theoretical interests comprise species concepts, the foundations of taxonomy and systematics and the history and philosophy of (evolutionary) biology.

Since 2007: Member of the Deer Specialist Group of the IUCN Species Survival Commission


2007-2021: Managing Editor / Editor-in-Chief of Mammalian Biology (formerly Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde)


Since 2013: Series editor "Mammalia" for the Handbook of Zoology


Since 2015: Co-editor of the Handbook of the Mammals of Europe

Since 2022: President of the German Society for Mammalian Biology

Since 2022: Section editor for Theory and history of biological systematics and taxonomy with the European Journal of Taxonomy 
 

1. zoology

Ahnelt Harald
associate scientist
Auer Helga
project researcher ECSA 2024
Bacher Florian
project researcher
Berg Hans-Martin
collection manager
Bibl Alexander
collection manager
Bogutskaya Nina
associate scientist
Chai Min
Project researcher
Duda Michael
Project researcher
Engelmaier Gernot
associate scientist
Ernst Karin
project researcher
Franzke Jennifer
associate scientist
Friedrich Rok
Project researcher
Gassner Georg
collection manager
Grillitsch Heinz
associate scientist
Grunstra Nicole D. S.
affiliated scientist
Haring Melina
taxidermist
Hengl Marietta
project researcher
Herzig Barbara
associate scientist
Hofmann Gerhard
taxidermist
Illek Robert
head taxidermist
Kamschal Denise
technical assistant
Kirchner Sandra
Poject researcher for TETTRIs, Laboratory manager
Langnitschke Tim
scientific assistant
Leeb Christoph
project researcher „C321083 Biodiversitätsfonds“
Mikschi Ernst
head of department
Palandačić Anja
collection manager, staff scientist
Querner Pascal
Project researcher
Reier Susanne
Project researcher
Renner Swen
curator, senior scientist
Riedel Bettina
staff scientist & assistant to the head of department (1. zoology)
Rubin Iris
model and diorama builder
Saliari Konstantina
curator, staff scientist
Schedl Benjamin
project researcher Harrison Collection
Schiller Katharina
employee project digitization (currently on parental leave)
Schweiger Silke
curator, staff scientist
Sonnleitner Ria
project researcher "Gefährliche Fauna " (ÖBH)"
Sontag Walter, A.
associate scientist
Stefke Katharina
staff scientist
Stückler Susanne
project researcher "Synthesys"
Sumasgutner Petra
associate scientist
van den Elzen Renate
associate scientist
Viehauser Christof
scientific assistant
Wallner Nathalie
Administrative management, taxidermist
Witthoff Ronja
Taxidermist
Wolf Paul
Project researcher
Wöss Günther
scientific assistant
  
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